Schema Attributes
All element in the schema does not contain attributes. If element contain the attributes then it become complex element. But we can declared attributes itself simple type
How to define attributes
<xs:attribute name="pqr" type="xyz"/>
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Note: Here declared attributes pqr is the name of attributes and xyz is data type of attributes
Data type of attributes
XML support many different type of data type for attributes likes
- xs:boolean
- xs:date
- xs:time
- xs:string
- xs:decimal
- xs:integer
Example
<firstname lang="EN">satya</firstname>
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Note: This is the example of XML element with attributes
<xs:attribute name="lang" type="xs:string" />
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Note: This is the corresponding definition of attributes
Default and Fixed Values for Attributes
Attributes may also contain default OR a fixed value which is given at the time of creation.
Default value automatically define when no any value define.
Below given example default value is "EN"
<xs:attribute name="lang" type="xs:string" default="EN"/>
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Note: This is the example of attributes that contain default value "EN"
Attributes also contain fixed value
<xs:attribute name="lang" type="xs:string" fixed="EN"/>
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Note: In this example attributes contain the fixed value
Optional and Required Attributes
When attributes does not define explicitly then by default it contain default value which are optional. And when explicitly define attributes then required, use the "use" attributes.
Example
<xs:attribute name="lang" type="xs:string" use="required" />
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Restrictions on Content
We all already aware about XML data type. XML element and attributes has the data type and when XML data type define for the element OR attributes. It take restriction on the element OR attributes. because it contain data only it's define data type.
For example
If an XML attribute is the type of "xs:integer" and assign it's value "Hello India" it give the error because it is not valid this attribute can contain only integer value. In XML schema we can also add our own restriction this type of restriction is called facets OR custom restriction.
further Readings
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